TEM8 GMAT GRE
外刊例句
- It is possible, in an age of populism and greater nationalism (and at a time when American hegemony is being challenged by China), that the calculations of political leaders have changed again, making conflict more likely.
在一个民粹主义兴起、民族主义更盛的时代（同时也是美国的霸主地位受到中国挑战的时代），政治领导人的考量可能又发生了改变，提高了爆发冲突的可能性。
——《经济学人》 - The power balance was shifting and many of us who had left the United States for China were feeling the heady rush of living on the verge of a new world order in which China was rising and American hegemony was waning.
权力平衡正在发生变化，我们当中许多离开美国前往中国的人都感受到一种兴奋的冲动：中国正在崛起、美国霸权正在衰落，我们就生活在这样的世界新秩序边缘。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] leadership or dominance, especially by one state or social group over others
[名词] 领导或支配地位，尤指一个国家或社会群体对其他国家或社会群体的领导或支配
深入解读
Hegemony 一词源自希腊语 hēgeisthai （领导），最初指希腊历史上一个城邦对另一个城邦的统治，现在表示所处的操纵或控制其他国家、组织的地位，即“支配权、霸权”，比如上世纪70年代后期，越南推行“印度支那联邦”计划，妄图在印度亚太地区称霸，就是谋求建立地区霸权（seek to establish regional hegemony）。
冷战结束后，美国成了世界上唯一的超级大国，从上面的外刊例句可以看出， hegemony 一词多用于形容美国现在所处的全球霸权地位。由于霸权可以带来丰厚的综合利益回报，因此通过侵略、颠覆、干涉、控制和欺负等手段不断扩张霸权（spread one’s hegemony）就构成了美国的霸权主义（hegemonism）。而霸权主义的鼓吹者也在英语中称为 hegemonist 。
权威用例
坚持永不称霸、永不扩张、永不谋求势力范围
Never Seeking Hegemony, Expansion or Spheres of Influence
出自《新时代的中国国防》（China’s National Defense in the New Era）白皮书。
深度学习
hegemony (huh JEM uh nee) Many wars are fought over power, what state will have hegemony over another. This noun, which became very trendy in the late twentieth century, means just that: predominant influ-ence of one nation over another. The origin is the Greek word for “leader.”
- The movie Dr. Strangelove satirically displays the leaders of the United States and Russia having to choose between hegemony and survival.
- Athenian hegemony first emerged in the aftermath of the wars with Persia.
——摘自《Fiske WordPower: The Most Effective System for Building a Vocabulary That Gets Results Fast》
机器翻译，仅供参考
霸权（嗯，JEM嗯，nee）许多战争都是为了权力而战，哪个国家会对另一个国家拥有霸权。这个名词在20世纪末变得非常流行，意思就是：一个国家对另一个国家的主导影响。它的起源是希腊语中“领导者”的意思
电影《奇爱博士》讽刺地展示了美国和俄罗斯领导人必须在霸权和生存之间做出选择。
雅典霸权最早出现在与波斯的战争之后。
常见短语
“hegemony” 通常用来表示霸权、主导地位、领导权等含义，指某个国家、集团或个体在政治、经济或文化等领域中的支配地位。
以下是50个包含单词“hegemony”的短语，以及它们的中文解释：
- Cultural hegemony: 文化霸权
- Economic hegemony: 经济霸权
- Political hegemony: 政治霸权
- Regional hegemony: 地区霸权
- Global hegemony: 全球霸权
- Military hegemony: 军事霸权
- Technological hegemony: 技术霸权
- Imperialist hegemony: 帝国主义霸权
- hegemony of ideas: 观念霸权
- hegemony in trade: 贸易霸权
- hegemony in the market: 市场霸权
- hegemony of power: 权力霸权
- hegemony in media: 媒体霸权
- Cultural and ideological hegemony: 文化和意识形态霸权
- hegemony over resources: 资源霸权
- hegemony in technology: 技术霸权
- hegemony in education: 教育霸权
- hegemony in finance: 金融霸权
- hegemony in the digital world: 数字世界霸权
- hegemony in diplomacy: 外交霸权
- hegemony in entertainment: 娱乐霸权
- hegemony over information: 信息霸权
- hegemony in communication: 通信霸权
- Cultural hegemony: 文化主导地位
- hegemony of influence: 影响力霸权
- hegemony in intellectual discourse: 知识论述霸权
- hegemony in literature: 文学霸权
- hegemony of thought: 思想霸权
- hegemony in fashion: 时尚霸权
- hegemony in politics: 政治主导地位
- hegemony in the arts: 艺术霸权
- hegemony of language: 语言霸权
- hegemony in business: 商业霸权
- hegemony over territories: 领土霸权
- hegemony in academia: 学术霸权
- hegemony of norms: 规范霸权
- hegemony in social media: 社交媒体霸权
- hegemony in science: 科学霸权
- hegemony in ideology: 意识形态霸权
- hegemony in leadership: 领导权霸权
- hegemony in technology development: 技术发展霸权
- hegemony in trade agreements: 贸易协定霸权
- hegemony of power dynamics: 权力动态霸权
- hegemony in international relations: 国际关系霸权
- hegemony in cultural expression: 文化表达霸权
- hegemony over communication networks: 通信网络霸权
- hegemony in music: 音乐霸权
- hegemony of values: 价值观霸权
- hegemony in innovation: 创新霸权
- hegemony in policy-making: 政策制定霸权
同近义词
- supremacy: the state or condition of being superior to all others in authority, power, or status
- ascendancy: occupation of a position of dominant power or influence
- predominance: the state or condition of being greater in number or amount
