哈利·波特：一段魔法史

for any sort of disaster.
这片甲骨的文字结构非常简单
The structure of this one is very simplistic.
上面就简单地说了皇帝
It simply says that the king
看了一下裂纹 接着说道 是吉兆
read the cracks and said, auspicious,
我们应该进行献祭
we should perform the de-sacrifice.
所以这里的第一个字符就是皇帝的意思
So the first character here is king.
甲骨为一窥中国商代时的生活
The bones give valuable insight
提供了宝贵的认知资料
into life in Shang dynasty China.
这很有趣 因为从甲骨上记录的这些问题
It’s interesting because, from the questions posed,
我们可以清楚地了解到对于当时的皇室
we can understand what was very important
哪些事情是非常重要的
to the royal family at the time.
战争是重要的
It was about battles.
那场联姻到底是吉是凶也很重要
It was about, is that marriage auspicious or not auspicious?
该怎么解决皇妹
What can I do with this toothache
牙疼的问题
that my royal sister has?
它们诉说了人们试图
They talk about the human
去了解他们自己的人生
drive to try to understand their own life.
这些甲骨相当不同凡响 不是吗
They are quite extraordinary, no?
哈利很快发现除了挥动魔杖 念几句好玩的
“There was a lot more to magic, as Harry quickly found out,
《哈利·波特与魔法石》1997年出版
咒语之外 魔法还有许多很高深的学问
than waving your wand and saying a few funny words.”
大
英
图
书
馆
小天狼星
整个展览对应
The exhibition will be divided
霍格沃兹的课程分成了不同的主题
into subjects corresponding to the Hogwarts curriculum.
从占卜课到天文课
From divination to astronomy.
最引人入胜和奇异的展览
The most spectacular and bizarre exhibits
是保护神奇生物课那一部分
belong to a section on care of magical creatures.
这本是爱德华·托普塞尔所著的《四足兽史》
So this is Edward Topsell’s History Of Four-footed Beasts.
关于斯芬克斯
他在书中描述了很多在《哈利·波特》中
He describes a number of different beasts
出现的神奇动物 包括斯芬克斯
that feature in Harry Potter, including the Sphinx.
没错
Yes…
是的 她很有趣
Yeah. She’s interesting.
-是的 -非常不寻常
– Yeah. – Very unusual.
这和我们想象中的古典神话里的
It’s not how we’d actually imagine a Sphinx
斯芬克斯的形象不太一样 对吗
to look like from classical mythology, is it?
不像 它们被饲养在印度和埃塞俄比亚
No. They are bred in India and Ethiopia.
关于斯芬克斯
有意思
Interesting.
谈起神奇动物 例如鹰头马身有翼兽或者龙
When it comes to beasts, the hippogriff or the dragon,
有些一定得出现在《哈利·波特》中
there are certain beasts that absolutely must be in Potter
因为它们实在太广为人知了
because they’re so well known,
你就是希望它们会在书中出现
you would just expect to see them there.
在书中我也着力描写了这些神奇的动物
And I’ve played with them to an extent.
这幅插画可能可以追溯到13世纪早期
This one dates from probably the early 13th century.
先是凤♥凰♥从树上衔来树枝和叶子
First of all the phoenix is making its own funeral pyre
来做自己的火葬柴堆
by picking twigs and leaves and branches from the trees.
这真是太神奇了
Oh, that’s fantastic.
-接着你看 -我喜欢这个
– And there you are. – I love that.
凤♥凰♥沐浴在火中 之后便会涅槃
It’s on fire and it’s going to rise from the ashes.
-这是我最爱的动物 -他太美了不是吗
– That’s my favourite creature. – He’s gorgeous, isn’t he?
实在美得令人目眩 我也很喜欢这只小鸟
Yeah, Stunning. I also like this chap,
它很像我在书中虚构的一种动物 卜鸟
because that’s like an Augerey, which I invented.
这种动物并不存在 但我称之为爱尔兰凤♥凰♥
There’s no such thing, but I call it the Irish phoenix.
这些动物实在太漂亮了
These are so beautiful.
看这只长了人脸的猫头鹰
Incredibly human-looking owl.
J.K.罗琳在《哈利波特》中提到了超过一百种
In Harry Potter, J.K Rowling refers to over 100 species
遍布在全球的神奇生物
of mythical creature, drawn from across the globe.
在每个社会和每种文化中
In every society and every culture,
人们都在对魔法进行着研习
there is the practice of magic
或者试图去理解各种超自然现象
or the understanding of the supernatural.
魔法是一种全球通用的语言
Magic is a universal language.
非洲研究馆的一位馆长
In the Department of African Studies,
有了一个令人惊喜的发现
one curator has made an exciting discovery.
这是一段吉兹文 一种古老的埃塞俄比亚语言
It’s a text written in Ge’ez, an ancient language of Ethiopia.
如果你想成为一头狮子
If you wish to turn into a lion
或者变形成一头狮子
or transform yourself into a lion,
就将上面的祷文念出来
Read the above prayer
并将其写在丝绸布上
And write it on a silk cloth
然后把布系在头上
And tie it around your head.
或者如果你想变成
Or if you wish to be
埃尔伯·达利欧
大英图书馆 埃塞俄比亚馆馆长
一条巨蛇的话 把这段祷文写在布上系在腰间
A serpent, write this and tie it on your wrist.
这是一段用来变形的祷文
This is a prayer for transformation or to turn…
用来变成其他的东西
You know, to change into something else.
也许我念了这段祷文后真的变成了一头狮子
So if I do try this prayer and I do turn into a lion,
可并没有让我再变回来的祷文
I don’t have the counter prayer to turn back into a human,
因此我不会把它念出来
so for that reason I wouldn’t read it.
不 我不会念的
Yes, I wouldn’t read it, no.
我能把它念出来 这不难看懂 不过
It’s… It’s readable and it’s straightforward, but, yeah…
这个咒语被发现夹在
This spell was found
一本神话故事书中
smuggled within the pages of a mysterious book.
这本书来自埃塞俄比亚的贡德尔
It’s from Gondar in Ethiopia.
是非洲文化中关于魔法的历史
The history of magic from an African perspective.
写这份手稿的人应该是一名德布特拉
So the owner of this manuscript would have been a debtera,
相当于英语中的炼金术士
the equivalent of an alchemist.
这篇手稿在当时应该是个秘密
And this particular manuscript would have been kept a secret.
在十五世纪时
By the 15th century,
这些魔法
this type of magic
都被埃塞俄比亚的基♥督♥教国王禁止了
had been outlawed by Ethiopia’s Christian king.
因此只有极少数这样的手稿留存至今
So manuscripts like these are exceptionally rare.
不过尽管这些法术来自埃塞俄比亚
But despite its Ethiopian roots,
这种类型的魔法与霍格沃茨的
this branch of magic is very similar
一门重要的魔法课程十分相似
to an important subject taught at Hogwarts.
这本书就是黑魔法防御术的教科书
This book is defence against the dark arts.
这个护身符的作用是为了保护它的主人
So the purpose of this talisman is to protect the client
不受到来自真实世界或精神世界的伤害
from real or imagined harm.
在黑魔法防御术这门课中
In Defence against the Dark Arts,
当哈利熟练掌握巫师界最强大的保护神咒语时
Harry’s magical ability shines
他出色的魔法能力也得到证明
when he masters wizarding’s most powerful protective charm.
呼神护卫 他喊着
” ‘Expecto Patronum’, He yelled.
在他的魔杖顶端
“And out of the end of
没有涌出一团无形的云雾
his wand burst not a shapeless cloud of mist
而是出现了一只银光闪闪的动物
“But a blinding, dazzling, silver animal.
他眯起双眼想看清楚它是什么
“He screwed up his eyes to see what it was.
它看起来像一匹马
“It looked like a horse.
它安静无声地离开他身边
“It was galloping silently away from him
越过黑色的湖面疾驰而去
“Across the black surface of the lake.”
还有一些展品从英国各地的博物馆汇聚而来
As the last few objects arrive from museums across Britain…
其中有些是近期的作品
..They’re being joined by works that are rather more recent.
它们诞生于二十世纪九十年代
These date from the 1990s.
之所以选择这些展品
I chose them all
是因为它们对我来说有特别的意义
because they had particular meaning to me.
它们都是我记忆深刻的
They’re all pieces of writing
手稿或涂鸦
or doodles that I could particularly remember.
它们来自创作过程中的不同时期
And they come from very different stages in the process.
有些是我那台老手动打字机打的
So some of it’s on my very old manual typewriter.
还有很多是我手写的
Lots of hand-written stuff.
它们展示了我的思考过程
They just show what I was thinking.
教授米勒娃·麦格
菲利乌斯·弗利维
西弗勒斯·斯内普
莱姆斯·卢平
宾斯·卡斯伯特
奥罗拉·辛尼斯塔
波莫纳·斯普劳特
这是一份霍格沃兹的草图
This is a sketch of Hogwarts
J.K.罗琳把它发给她的出版商布鲁姆斯伯里
that J.K Rowling sent to her publishers, Bloomsbury,
这张图勾勒出了霍格沃兹所有的关键部分
and it maps out all the key elements of Hogwarts
她还标上了注释
and she’s given notes, as well.
这张图里我最喜欢的部分是
My favourite bit about this one is
她画出了生活在湖里的乌贼
where she’s drawn the squid that lives in the lake.
大英图书馆最近的展出包括威廉·莎士比亚
Recent British Library exhibitions include William Shakespeare,
约翰·弥尔顿和简·奥斯丁