BBC地平线：猫的秘密生活（2013）

这是用传统的追踪项圈
It really is opening up whole new measurements
根本无法得到的测量数据
that weren’t possible before with traditional tracking collars.
他收集的信息改变了我们对这些
The information he’s gathered has transformed our understanding
可怕的捕食者如何在野外生存的看法
about how these fearsome predators live in the wild.
我们要把这些GPS接收器打开
We’re going to turn on the GPS loggers.
现在他要把这项技术缩小化
He now has to do the same for our pet moggies
来对我们的宠物猫进行监测
by miniaturising his technology.
今天 他要进行第一次测试
And today, he’s testing it out for the first time.
这是扎克 他是我的狗
This is Zach, this is my dog.
扎克是测试我们项圈的专家
Zach’s quite an expert on testing our collars for us.
这是我们曾在博茨瓦纳使用的一个项圈
Here’s one of our wildlife collars that we’re using in Botswana.
我们开♥发♥了三种想用在猫身上的
And we’ve developed three smaller GPS modules
更小的GPS模块
we want to try on the cats.
然后我们会对比他们的效果
And we can then compare the performance of those
并且再与技术相当成熟的野生动物项圈
and see how well they work, compared to what’s our gold standard,
进行比较
which is our wildlife collar.
我觉得还是非常有挑战的
I think it’s going to be quite challenging.
我觉得猫猫们会比
I think they’re going to object to it
野生猫科动物更抗拒它
a lot more than our wild cats do.
并且他们体型小多了
And they’re a lot smaller,
所以项圈的尺寸也是一大挑战
so the size of the collar is much more of a challenge.
我知道这不是件容易的事情
And, yes, I don’t think it’s going to be easy.
在英国皇家兽医学院
Here, at the Royal Veterinary College,
艾伦·威尔森的同事们正在开♥发♥一种
Alan Wilson’s colleagues are developing a cat-tracking system
精度能够达到几厘米的追踪系统
that is accurate to within centimetres,
它重量很轻所以猫会愿意戴着它
incredibly lightweight, so the cats will wear it,
而它的电池足够持续24小时
with a battery life that will last 24 hours.
扎克 过来
Zach, come!
猫的移♥动♥时速能够达到50公里
Cats are known to travel up to 31mph,
而且通常都处于树木或灌木的掩盖之下
often under the cover of trees and undergrowth.
所以艾伦必须要分♥析♥数据
So Alan now has to analyse his data
并选择一个足够耐用和精确的追踪器
and choose a tracker that is robust and accurate enough.
最终选择就是它
And here it is.
总共有50个
There are 50 of them,
猫主人们正在排队领用
and the owners are queuing up to get their hands on one.
太棒了
Fantastic!
再摸摸她
Give her another stroke.
很好 让她吃东西
Excellent, and let her eat.
-吃点这个 -再给他点吃的吧
– Have one of these. – More food for him?
太神奇了
Amazing.
几天内 我们就有50只猫戴上了项圈
Within a few days, we’ve got 50 collars on 50 cats.
现在一切准备工作都已就绪
Everything is now in place for the study to begin.
科学家们将基地设在了市政厅
The scientists are setting up base in the village hall.
研究行动将日夜不断持续一周
The operation will run day and night, across the week.
他们还请来了伪装拍摄小组
They’ve brought in an undercover surveillance crew
来秘密拍摄猫猫们
so they can secretly film the cats.
我们在附近安装了五个摄像机
We’re having five more cameras dotted around.
有一个在车♥库♥顶上
One on top of the garage.
希望能够拍到些什么
So hopefully, we’ll be able to see what’s going on.
猫猫总部
随着设备都已就位
With the technology in place,
下面就要看猫猫们的了
it’s now all down to the cats.
当第一天的GPS数据到达时
The scientists arrive at the village hall,
研究人员再次来到了市政厅
just as the first day’s GPS data is coming in.
261.
301, 302, 303.
艾伦的工程师小组连夜
Alan’s team of engineers have worked through the night,
处理数据并找到
wrangling the data and finding a way to visualise
能够直观显示猫24小时以来精确移♥动♥的方法
the cats’ precise movements over 24 hours.
这里就是镇上的草坪
This is our village green here.
食品店在这里对吧 还是这儿
The deli’s here, isn’t it? Or here.
203号♥ 蔻蔻
关于猫们在首个24小时内活动的详图
A detailed picture of the cats’ first 24 hours of activity
182号♥ 达菲 午夜 清晨 中午
正在生成当中
now starts to emerge.
看到了吗 很有意思
Have you seen this one? It’s quite exciting.
221号♥ 奥兰多
名字 奥兰多
252号♥ 比利
431号♥ 莫格力
每只猫都由不同的路径所代表
Each cat is represented by a different trace.
131号♥ 奇普
261号♥ 布鲁特斯
布鲁特斯只在自己家附近巡视
Brutus, who simply patrols around his home.
251号♥ 茉莉
茉莉跑去了附近的树林
Molly, who’s drawn to the neighbouring wood.
而小姜则直接跑去了邻居家
And Ginger, who heads out to a neighbour’s house.
271号♥ 小姜
第一个问题是 他们离家之后会走多远
The first question is, how far they travel beyond the cat flap,
101号♥ 赫米斯
这也就是科学家所说的猫的活动范围
which is what scientists call the cat’s home range.
241号♥ 克劳德
161号♥ 托马斯
491号♥ 苏提
住在村子边缘的苏提
Sooty, who lives on the edge of the village,
引起了大家的关注
grabs everyone’s attention.
范围好大
It’s quite a big range.
约翰 苏提是什么情况
What do we know about Sooty, John?
苏提以前是一只农场猫
OK, so Sooty is an ex-farm cat,
491号♥ 苏提
这就说得通了
so that would figure.
苏提第一天就走了三公里
Sooty has walked two miles in the first day,
但他只在离家160米的范围内活动
but he’s gone just 160 metres in each direction from his home.
苏提的巡视面♥积♥有三公顷[万平方米]
Sooty’s really covering about three hectares.
491号♥ 苏提
他喜欢在某特定时间
He tends to travel quite a range
出去大范围巡视
in this one particular time period.
491号♥ 苏提
但苏提并不寻常
But Sooty is unusual.
在镇子中部
In the heart of the village
普通的公猫
the average male cat
仅在家附近100米的范围内活动
goes just over 100 metres from his house,
而母猫则只在离家50米范围内活动
and female cats just over half that.
341号♥ 菲比
有些猫生活在更密集的区域
Some of our cats that lived in this much more dense area,
而他们活动的区域则还要密集
actually how far they went was much denser,
更靠近 对吧
was much closer, wasn’t it?
所以这里的猫猫密度要比这里大很多
So the cat density is probably much higher here than it is here.
而且今天我们观察到了更大的活动范围
And we’ve got a much wider roaming on this particular day.
491号♥ 苏提
还有一点能够确定的就是这些猫们
Another thing that’s clear is that these cats
271号♥ 小姜
看起来似乎有不同的巡视区域
seem to have distinct patches that they roam in.
镇子里有些区域
Some areas of the village
明显没有猫去
which apparently aren’t being used by the cats,
但是也有可能平时不是这样
but then it may not be, of course, a typical evening.
-才一天 -而且天气不怎么样
– One day. – Not the greatest of weather.
所以猫的神秘世界就在你门外
So the secret world of cats happens close to your back door,
只不过你看不到罢了
just out of sight.
虽然他们离家并不远
Even if they don’t go far from the cat flap,
但他们仍忙于一遍遍地巡视同样一片区域
they are still busy patrolling round and round the same area.
哪一只你认为是活动到最远的
Which do you think is the one who’s travelled furthest?
我觉得苏提走得最多
I think Sooty’s the one who’s done most walking around.
我们在屏幕上看到的
What we’re seeing here on the screen is
是我们还从未有过的
the very first indication we’ve ever had
关于宠物猫出门后行动的详细数据
of the detail of the pet cat’s life when it’s outside the home.
比利一直溜达到农场才回来
Billy’s travelled on this excursion up to the farm and back,
但是再看苏提
but looking at Sooty,
苏提也许没有走到那么远
Sooty may not have ranged quite as far
但是绕了更多圈
but there’s a lot more loops here.
镇上能有50只猫都带上GPS项圈
I think the fact that we have got 50 GPS collars on cats
实在是太棒了
in this village is fantastic,
因为当他们共享一片区域时
because one cat’s behaviour will influence another’s,
一只猫的行为毫无疑问会影响到另外一只
undoubtedly, when they’re sharing the same physical space.
托马斯每天会出去活动三次
Thomas is active nearly three times –
黎明时小逛一圈
a little bit after dawn
然后是下午早些时候
and then in the early afternoon
再然后是晚上10 11点时
and then a big burst of activity
出去活动很长时间
in the evening, 10, 11 o’clock.
我们很匆忙地赶到这里
Quite a rush to get to this point
很多事情都有可能出错
and so many things could have gone wrong,
还好现在一切都还正常