draconian

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draconian 英 [drəˈkəʊniən] 美 [drəˈkoʊniən]

SAT GRE

外刊例句

  • True, they are still licking their wounds after the recent passage of draconian credit-card reforms.
    的确,在经历了最近针对信用卡的严酷改革后他们还处在舔舐伤口的阶段。
    ——《经济学人》
  • Now we’ve broken Iraq, liberating it to be a draconian state run on Sharia law, full of America-hating jihadists who were too brutal even for Al Qaeda.
    如今我们把伊拉克搞得一团糟,将其解放了,却让它成为奉行伊斯兰教法的残暴国家,充满了憎恶美国人的圣战者,就连基地组织都认为这些人太野蛮。
    ——《纽约时报》

基本释义

[adjective] (of a law, punishment, etc.) extremely cruel and severe
[形容词] (法律、惩罚等)极其残酷和严厉

深入解读

公元前621年,希腊城邦雅典的统治者德拉古(Draco)迫于平民的压力,将以往的习惯法加以编纂,颁布了古希腊的第一部成文法。该法以严酷而闻名。对于刑事犯罪,一律处以死刑。就连盗窃水果这样的轻罪也是死刑。

德拉古解释说轻罪本来就该处死,至于重罪,因为找不到比处死更重的刑罚,所以也是处死。德拉古法如此严酷,以至历史学家说它不是用墨水写的,而是用血写的。德拉古法后来被古希腊政治家梭伦(Solon)修改,但由此产生了单词draconian,形容严厉苛刻。

影视用例

出自2006年美国歌舞电影《梦女孩》(Dreamgirls)。该片改编自1981年的同名百老汇音乐剧,在第79届奥斯卡金像奖上获得最佳女配角及最佳混音两个奖项。

单词历史

draconian严酷的

draconian /drəˈkəʊnɪən/形容法律、措施或规章异常严厉或严格。它源自公元前7世纪雅典立法者德拉科(Draco)的姓氏。约公元前621年,德拉科编制了雅典第一部详细严谨的成文法,而在此之前,雅典城邦的执政者们可肆意解释法律。德拉科编制的法律异常严酷:无论所犯何罪,几乎一律判处死刑。后人遂用draconian一词形容严刑酷律。公元前590年,雅典政治家梭伦颁布了一部较为宽松的法律。

英语词源

draconian:严厉的,推行严刑苛法的雅典统治者德拉古

公元前621年,希腊城邦雅典的统治者德拉古( Draco )迫于平民的压力,将以往的习惯法加以编纂,颁布了古希腊的第一部成文法。该法以严酷而闻名。对于刑事犯罪,一律处以死刑。就连盗窃水果这样的轻罪也是死刑。

德拉古解释说轻罪本来就该处死,至于重罪,因为找不到比处死更重的刑罚,所以也是处死。德拉古法如此严酷,以至历史学家说它不是用墨水写的,而是用血写的。德拉古法后来被梭伦修改,但由此产生了单词 draconian ,形容严厉苛刻。

  • draconian:[drə’konɪən] adj. 严厉的,苛刻的

深度学习

draconian (dra CONE ee un) This adjective describes treatment that is seen as exceedingly harsh or severe. The severe legal code of Draco, a seventh-century BC Athenian politician, is here memorialized; no dragons are involved.

  • Georgia knew she had violated the curfew her parents had set for her, but she still felt that grounding her for a month was a draconian punishment.
  • Those who believe strongly in the right to bear arms will probably judge gun laws in the United Kingdom to be draconian.

——摘自《Fiske WordPower: The Most Effective System for Building a Vocabulary That Gets Results Fast》

机器翻译,仅供参考


draconian(dra CONE ee un)这个形容词形容被视为极其严厉或严重的治疗。公元前七世纪雅典政治家德拉科的严厉法典在这里被纪念;没有龙参与其中。

  • 乔治亚知道她违反了父母为她设定的宵禁,但她仍然觉得停飞一个月是一种严厉的惩罚
  • 那些坚信携带武器权利的人可能会认为英国的枪支法是严厉的

常见短语

“draconian” 是一个形容词,用来形容严苛、残酷或极端严厉的政策、法律或措施。下面是出现这个单词的50个短语,附上中文解释:

  1. draconian measures: 严苛措施
  2. draconian laws: 严酷法律
  3. draconian regulations: 极端严格的规定
  4. draconian policies: 残酷政策
  5. draconian punishment: 严厉惩罚
  6. draconian restrictions: 极端限制
  7. draconian enforcement: 严格执法
  8. draconian consequences: 严重后果
  9. draconian crackdown: 严厉打击
  10. draconian measures against: 对…的严格措施
  11. draconian approach: 极端严厉的方法
  12. draconian stance: 严酷立场
  13. draconian control: 严格控制
  14. draconian censorship: 严格审查制度
  15. draconian regime: 严苛的政权
  16. draconian requirements: 极端严格的要求
  17. draconian tactics: 残酷策略
  18. draconian measures to combat: 打击…的严格措施
  19. draconian measures to address: 应对…的严苛措施
  20. draconian implementation: 严格执行
  21. draconian sanctions: 严厉制裁
  22. draconian measures to control: 控制…的严格措施
  23. draconian response: 极端严厉的回应
  24. draconian measures to prevent: 防止…的严苛措施
  25. draconian measures to tackle: 解决…的严格措施
  26. draconian policies towards: 对…的残酷政策
  27. draconian measures to address the issue of: 应对…问题的严格措施
  28. draconian measures to enforce: 执行…的严厉措施
  29. draconian measures to ensure: 确保…的严格措施
  30. draconian measures to combat illegal: 打击非法…的严厉措施
  31. draconian measures to suppress: 镇压…的严苛措施
  32. draconian measures to tackle the problem of: 解决…问题的严格措施
  33. draconian laws aimed at: 旨在…的严酷法律
  34. draconian measures to address concerns about: 应对有关…的担忧的严格措施
  35. draconian measures to curb: 遏制…的严苛措施
  36. draconian measures to handle: 处理…的严格措施
  37. draconian measures to tackle issues related to: 应对与…有关问题的严格措施
  38. draconian measures to counter: 对抗…的严酷措施
  39. draconian measures to deter: 阻止…的严厉措施
  40. draconian policies to address: 应对…的残酷政策
  41. draconian measures to address the challenges of: 应对…挑战的严格措施
  42. draconian measures to regulate: 规范…的严苛措施
  43. draconian measures to handle the issue of: 处理…问题的严格措施
  44. draconian measures to combat terrorism: 打击恐怖主义的严厉措施
  45. draconian measures to combat corruption: 打击腐败的严酷措施
  46. draconian measures to address the concerns of: 应对…的担忧的严格措施
  47. draconian measures to control the spread of: 控制…传播的严苛措施
  48. draconian measures to address environmental: 应对环境…的严格措施
  49. draconian measures to tackle the issue of: 解决…问题的严酷措施
  50. draconian laws to combat: 打击…的严酷法律

同近义词

  • stringent: (of regulations, requirements, or conditions) strict, precise, and exacting
  • brutal: violent and cruel
  • ruthless: having or showing no pity or compassion for others

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