delusion

基本释义

[noun] a false belief or opinion about yourself or your situation
[名词] 对自己或处境的错误信念或看法

深入解读

Delusion 是一个与 allusion, illusion, elusion 既形似又容易混淆的单词,同时也曾在 好书推荐 | 一本让你暑假弯道超车的单词书 中提过。

该词源自拉丁语 delusionem (欺骗),相当于是 delude (欺骗、哄骗)的名词形式,15世纪初进入英语后即用来表示“欺骗、哄骗”这种行为以及“受骗、上当”这种状态。

等到了16世纪中期后, delusion 开始作为一种精神错乱,发展出现在的主要含义指“错觉、妄想、谬见”,多指一种对自己或处境的错误印象、信念或看法,并具固定性质,常意味着心理状态混乱和极度轻信,或者说无法区分什么是真实的而什么只是看似真实的,比如:

  • 由于她一贯的虚荣心作祟,她误以为我会给她很多钱。
    With her usual vanity, she is under the delusion that I’m going to give her a lot of money.

而到了1840年后,常用表达 delusions of grandeur 开始固化为习惯用语表示“妄自尊大、自以为是”,也就是错误认为自己比实际更重要、更强大、更智慧、更有权力等,比如:

  • 这位新手项目经理对手下的人要求极为严格。自从他当上经理之后就妄自尊大。
    The novice project manager is an exacting man to work for. He’s been suffering from delusions of grandeur ever since he became manager.

好书例句

One was about forty, a period of mental vigour at which men seldom cherish the delusion of being married for love by girls.
一个大概四十了,正是精力健壮的时期,男人在这时期很少会怀着女孩子们是由于爱情而嫁给他的妄想。

出自英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特(Emily Brontë)的小说《呼啸山庄》(Wuthering Heights)。

外刊例句

  • These delusions seem obvious with the cold clarity of hindsight.
    事后冷静地看,这样的妄想似乎一眼就能看穿。
    ——《经济学人》
  • So let me push back at what I see as smug white delusion.
    那就让我来驳斥我所看到的这种自鸣得意的白人错觉吧。
    ——《纽约时报》

常见短语

  1. Grand delusion – 宏大的错觉
  2. Self-delusion – 自欺
  3. Persistent delusion – 持续的错觉
  4. Delusion of grandeur – 夸大的错觉
  5. Delusion of control – 控制的错觉
  6. Delusion of persecution – 迫害的错觉
  7. Delusion of infidelity – 不忠的错觉
  8. Delusion of superiority – 优越的错觉
  9. Delusion of reference – 关联的错觉
  10. Delusion of being watched – 被监视的错觉
  11. Delusion of immortality – 永生的错觉
  12. Shared delusion – 共同的错觉
  13. Religious delusion – 宗教上的错觉
  14. Paranoia delusion – 偏执狂的错觉
  15. Delusion of jealousy – 嫉妒的错觉
  16. Delusion of love – 爱情的错觉
  17. Delusion of being controlled – 受控的错觉
  18. Delusion of invincibility – 无敌的错觉
  19. Delusion of being watched – 被观察的错觉
  20. Delusion of being deceived – 被欺骗的错觉
  21. Delusion of being followed – 被跟踪的错觉
  22. Delusion of being betrayed – 被背叛的错觉
  23. Delusion of being haunted – 被鬼缠身的错觉
  24. Delusion of being monitored – 被监视的错觉
  25. Delusion of being manipulated – 被操控的错觉
  26. Delusion of being misunderstood – 被误解的错觉
  27. Delusion of being possessed – 被附身的错觉
  28. Delusion of being persecuted – 被迫害的错觉
  29. Delusion of being watched – 被注视的错觉
  30. Delusion of being observed – 被观察的错觉
  31. Delusion of being spied on – 被监视的错觉
  32. Delusion of being tricked – 被欺骗的错觉
  33. Delusion of being conned – 被欺诈的错觉
  34. Delusion of being deceived – 被骗的错觉
  35. Delusion of being cheated – 被欺骗的错觉
  36. Delusion of being manipulated – 被操纵的错觉
  37. Delusion of being brainwashed – 被洗脑的错觉
  38. Delusion of being controlled – 被控制的错觉
  39. Delusion of being trapped – 被困住的错觉
  40. Delusion of being isolated – 被孤立的错觉

同近义词

mirage: something that appears real or possible but is not in fact so
illusion: a false idea or belief
hallucination: an experience involving the apparent perception of something not present

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