delusion
基本释义
[noun] a false belief or opinion about yourself or your situation
[名词] 对自己或处境的错误信念或看法
深入解读
Delusion 是一个与 allusion, illusion, elusion 既形似又容易混淆的单词，同时也曾在 好书推荐 | 一本让你暑假弯道超车的单词书 中提过。
该词源自拉丁语 delusionem （欺骗），相当于是 delude （欺骗、哄骗）的名词形式，15世纪初进入英语后即用来表示“欺骗、哄骗”这种行为以及“受骗、上当”这种状态。
等到了16世纪中期后， delusion 开始作为一种精神错乱，发展出现在的主要含义指“错觉、妄想、谬见”，多指一种对自己或处境的错误印象、信念或看法，并具固定性质，常意味着心理状态混乱和极度轻信，或者说无法区分什么是真实的而什么只是看似真实的，比如：
- 由于她一贯的虚荣心作祟，她误以为我会给她很多钱。
With her usual vanity, she is under the delusion that I’m going to give her a lot of money.
而到了1840年后，常用表达 delusions of grandeur 开始固化为习惯用语表示“妄自尊大、自以为是”，也就是错误认为自己比实际更重要、更强大、更智慧、更有权力等，比如：
- 这位新手项目经理对手下的人要求极为严格。自从他当上经理之后就妄自尊大。
The novice project manager is an exacting man to work for. He’s been suffering from delusions of grandeur ever since he became manager.
好书例句
One was about forty, a period of mental vigour at which men seldom cherish the delusion of being married for love by girls.
一个大概四十了，正是精力健壮的时期，男人在这时期很少会怀着女孩子们是由于爱情而嫁给他的妄想。
出自英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Brontë）的小说《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）。
外刊例句
- These delusions seem obvious with the cold clarity of hindsight.
事后冷静地看，这样的妄想似乎一眼就能看穿。
——《经济学人》 - So let me push back at what I see as smug white delusion.
那就让我来驳斥我所看到的这种自鸣得意的白人错觉吧。
——《纽约时报》
常见短语
- Grand delusion – 宏大的错觉
- Self-delusion – 自欺
- Persistent delusion – 持续的错觉
- Delusion of grandeur – 夸大的错觉
- Delusion of control – 控制的错觉
- Delusion of persecution – 迫害的错觉
- Delusion of infidelity – 不忠的错觉
- Delusion of superiority – 优越的错觉
- Delusion of reference – 关联的错觉
- Delusion of being watched – 被监视的错觉
- Delusion of immortality – 永生的错觉
- Shared delusion – 共同的错觉
- Religious delusion – 宗教上的错觉
- Paranoia delusion – 偏执狂的错觉
- Delusion of jealousy – 嫉妒的错觉
- Delusion of love – 爱情的错觉
- Delusion of being controlled – 受控的错觉
- Delusion of invincibility – 无敌的错觉
- Delusion of being watched – 被观察的错觉
- Delusion of being deceived – 被欺骗的错觉
- Delusion of being followed – 被跟踪的错觉
- Delusion of being betrayed – 被背叛的错觉
- Delusion of being haunted – 被鬼缠身的错觉
- Delusion of being monitored – 被监视的错觉
- Delusion of being manipulated – 被操控的错觉
- Delusion of being misunderstood – 被误解的错觉
- Delusion of being possessed – 被附身的错觉
- Delusion of being persecuted – 被迫害的错觉
- Delusion of being watched – 被注视的错觉
- Delusion of being observed – 被观察的错觉
- Delusion of being spied on – 被监视的错觉
- Delusion of being tricked – 被欺骗的错觉
- Delusion of being conned – 被欺诈的错觉
- Delusion of being deceived – 被骗的错觉
- Delusion of being cheated – 被欺骗的错觉
- Delusion of being manipulated – 被操纵的错觉
- Delusion of being brainwashed – 被洗脑的错觉
- Delusion of being controlled – 被控制的错觉
- Delusion of being trapped – 被困住的错觉
- Delusion of being isolated – 被孤立的错觉
同近义词
mirage: something that appears real or possible but is not in fact so
illusion: a false idea or belief
hallucination: an experience involving the apparent perception of something not present
