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外刊例句
- What accounts for the changing constituents of each income bracket?
是什么引起了各个收入档次人群的变化？
——《经济学人》 - We have a president who promised that a balanced constituent assembly would work on a constitution that everyone agrees on.
我们这个总统曾经许诺，会让一个各方势力均衡的立宪议会来起草一部每个人都认可的宪法。
——《纽约时报》
基本释义
[noun] a member of a constituency
[名词] 选区内的选民
深入解读
Constituent 一词源自拉丁语 constituere （使站立、设立、固定、放置、建立、整齐；形成新事物；决心），进入英语时原指“任命或选举代表的人”，现在则主要表示某个选区（constituency）的“选民或选举人”，比如：
- 这位参议员工作努力，总是跟本区选民交谈，听取他们的难处。
The MP worked hard, always talking to his constituents and listening to their problems.
这个含义用作形容词时则表示“任命的、选举的”或“有宪法制定或修改权的、有组阁权的”，比如：
- 任命机构
a constituent body - 立宪会议
a constituent assembly
由于任命或选举代表之后，这些代表们往往会组成一个议事机构，所以 constituent 后来就产生了“组成”这个概念，作名词时表示“成分、构成要素”，强调指某一整体不可缺少的部分或成分，而作形容词时则表示“组成的、构成的”，比如：
- 咖啡因是茶、咖啡之类饮品中的活性成分。
Caffeine is the active constituent of drinks such as tea and coffee. - 把公司按组成部分分割后分别出售的计划
a plan to split the company into its constituent parts and sell them separately
另外值得注意的是， constituent 还在语法中表示“成分、结构成分”，比如：
- 直接成分
an immediate constituent
权威用例
在2016年开始的全国县乡两级人民代表大会换届选举中，登记选民10亿多人，直接选举产生近250万名县乡两级人民代表大会代表。
In the elections of deputies to the people’s congresses at county and township levels beginning in 2016, more than 1 billion constituents cast votes for nearly 2.5 million deputies.
快速记忆
constituent [kən’stɪtjʊənt] n. 成分；选民；委托人 adj. 构成的；选举的
constituent 选民 ←同首词→ consent 同意
eg. Not all of the constituents consent to accept him as the governor.
并非所有的选民都同意他当州长。
——摘自《快速记忆英语单词 口袋书》
深度学习
constituent (kon STIH tyoo ent) Politically speaking, a constituent is a resident of a region represented by a certain elected official. In a larger sense, it could be any person who authorizes a member of his or her group to speak for him or her.
- Representative O’Toole made a hasty pre-election flight from Washington to his home state so that he could meet with his constituents, learn their concerns, and impress upon them that he needed their votes.
- Students who were appointed to committees were told they would be prac-ticing “nonconstituency-based” stewardship; in short, they’d be giving their own views, not necessarily views held by a majority of the student body.
——摘自《Fiske WordPower: The Most Effective System for Building a Vocabulary That Gets Results Fast》
机器翻译，仅供参考
选民（kon STIH tyoo ent）从政治上讲，选民是由某个民选官员代表的地区的居民。从更大的意义上说，可以是任何授权其团队成员为其发言的人。
- 众议员奥图尔在选举前匆忙从华盛顿飞往家乡，以便与选民会面，了解他们的担忧，并让他们知道他需要他们的选票
- 被任命为委员会成员的学生被告知，他们将实行“基于非宪法的”管理；简而言之，他们会给出自己的观点，而不一定是大多数学生的观点
常见短语
“constituent” 通常用来表示成分、选民或组成部分。以下是与这个词相关的 50 个短语，附带中文解释：
- Key constituent – 关键成分
- Political constituents – 政治选民
- Essential constituents – 基本成分
- Major constituents – 主要组成部分
- constituent elements – 成分元素
- Active constituents – 活性成分
- constituent parts – 组成部分
- constituent molecules – 成分分子
- constituent atoms – 成分原子
- Basic constituents – 基本成分
- Primary constituents – 主要成分
- constituent materials – 构成材料
- constituent components – 成分组件
- constituent proteins – 成分蛋白质
- Chemical constituents – 化学成分
- constituent gases – 成分气体
- Organic constituents – 有机成分
- constituent nutrients – 营养成分
- constituent minerals – 矿物质成分
- constituent vitamins – 维生素成分
- constituent compounds – 成分化合物
- constituent factors – 成分因素
- constituent elements – 成分要素
- constituent ions – 成分离子
- Essential constituents – 基本成分
- constituent particles – 成分粒子
- constituent substances – 成分物质
- Political constituents – 政治选民
- constituent districts – 选区
- constituent voices – 选民声音
- constituent opinions – 选民意见
- constituent concerns – 选民关切
- constituent needs – 选民需求
- constituent preferences – 选民偏好
- constituent interests – 选民利益
- constituent support – 选民支持
- constituent outreach – 选民联系
- constituent engagement – 选民参与
- constituent feedback – 选民反馈
- constituent demands – 选民要求
- constituent expectations – 选民期望
- constituent rights – 选民权益
- constituent representation – 选民代表
- constituent empowerment – 选民赋权
- constituent involvement – 选民参与
- constituent accountability – 选民问责
- constituent communication – 选民沟通
- constituent initiatives – 选民倡议
- constituent concerns – 选民关切
- constituent participation – 选民参与
同近义词
- voter: a person who votes or has the right to vote at an election
- elector: a person who has the right to vote in an election
- electorate: all the people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election
