gloat

基本释义

[verb] dwell on one’s own success or another’s misfortune with smugness or malignant pleasure
[动词] 沾沾自喜地或恶意满足地老是想着自己的成功或别人的不幸

深入解读

Gloat 这个单词比较好记,结构上就是在熟词 goat (山羊)的第二个字母处多加了一个 L 。该词源自斯堪的纳维亚诸语言,包括古北欧语 glotta (露齿笑、露齿轻蔑地笑)、瑞典方言 glotta (窥视、偷看)等,或者源自中古高地德语 glotzen (凝视、张口结舌地看),16世纪70年代出现在英语中后原用来表示“偷看”。

而最早有记录到了1748年后, gloat 开始发展出现在的主要含义表示“洋洋得意、沾沾自喜、幸灾乐祸”,具体来说就是因自己的成功或好运而沾沾自喜,或因别人的失败或霉运而幸灾乐祸,常用搭配 gloat about/at/over sth ,通常意味着长时间或频繁地盯着某物,尤其是秘密地偷看,并带着恶毒的或不洁的满足感,但有时候也过于强调邪恶的满足感而模糊或去掉盯着看的概念,比如:

  • 看到他受辱,他那些靠不住的朋友们不失时机地表示幸灾乐祸。
    His fickle friends were quick to gloat at his humiliation.
  • 昨天她还在大街上四处奔走寻找工作。而今天她一直在为获得了新工作而沾沾自喜。
    Yesterday she was still tramping the streets looking for a job. But today she is continually gloating about her new job.

此外, gloat 一词也可以作名词表示“洋洋得意、沾沾自喜、幸灾乐祸”,比如:

  • 你瞧她眼神里的那副得意样子。她的脾气十分暴躁,容易在生气时对人大喊大叫。
    Watch the gloat in her eye. She has a volatile temper and is prone to shouting at people in anger.

好书例句

None of the others had noticed a thing; all of them were now helping themselves to food while gloating over Harry’s narrow escape; Fred, George, and Ginny were still singing.
其他人谁都没有注意到。这会儿他们都在一边动手盛饭菜,一边为哈利的侥幸脱身而欢欣鼓舞。弗雷德、乔治和金妮还在唱歌。

出自英国作家J·K·罗琳的奇幻小说《哈利·波特》系列的第五本《哈利·波特与凤凰社》(Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix)。

外刊例句

  • For President Donald Trump, it is an unmissable opportunity to gloat.
    对唐纳德·特朗普总统来说,这是一个不容错过的幸灾乐祸的机会。
    ——《经济学人》
  • But young executives like Mr. Levie are not gloating over Mr. Ballmer’s exit.
    但是列维等年轻高管也不会因为鲍尔默的退出而幸灾乐祸。
    ——《纽约时报》

AI释义

gloat(动词)是一个英语单词,它的词源可以追溯到中古英语的词汇”gloten”,意为”沉湎于”或”自鸣得意”。gloat指的是因为自己的成功、优势或他人的失败而感到满足、幸灾乐祸或洋洋自得。下面是关于gloat的详细用法和一些相关的短语:

  1. 用法:gloat常用于描述某人对自己的成功或优势感到满足和自豪,或者因他人的失败而感到幸灾乐祸。
    • He couldn’t help but gloat over his victory.(他忍不住为自己的胜利而洋洋自得。)
    • She had a smug look on her face, gloating at her rival’s misfortune.(她脸上带着得意的表情,幸灾乐祸地看着她的竞争对手不幸的境遇。)
  2. 短语:
    • gloat over/about something:因某事而洋洋自得
      • He was gloating over his promotion to manager.(他因为晋升为经理而洋洋自得。)
    • gloat at/over someone’s misfortune:因某人的不幸而幸灾乐祸
      • It’s not right to gloat at someone else’s misfortune.(幸灾乐祸别人的不幸是不对的。)
    • gloat on/about one’s success:因自己的成功而得意洋洋
      • She constantly gloats on her academic achievements.(她总是为自己的学业成就得意洋洋。)
    • gloat in triumph:因胜利而洋洋自得
      • The winning team stood on the podium, gloating in triumph.(获胜的团队站在领奖台上,洋洋自得。)
    • gloat with satisfaction/pride:因满足/自豪而得意洋洋
      • He gloats with satisfaction whenever he completes a difficult task.(每当完成一项困难的任务,他都会得意洋洋。)
    • gloat over someone’s failure:因某人的失败而洋洋自得
      • He couldn’t resist gloating over his opponent’s failure.(他忍不住因对手的失败而洋洋自得。)
    • gloat over one’s superiority:因自己的优势而得意洋洋
      • The wealthy businessman gloats over his financial superiority.(富有的商人因自己的财务优势而得意洋洋。)

同近义词

crow: (of a person) express great pride or triumph, especially in a tone of gloating satisfaction
preen: congratulate or pride oneself
boast: talk with excessive pride and self-satisfaction about one’s achievements, possessions, or abilities

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