implicit
基本释义
[adjective] implied though not plainly expressed
[形容词] 虽未明确表示但暗示了的
深入解读
Implicit 是一个容易与小站（微信公众号：田间小站）之前推送过的 implicate 相混淆的单词。看到它，老铁们可能会想起小站曾在 好书推荐 | 一本“超炸”的外刊单词精研小书 一文中提到过的“Implicit （含蓄的） vs Explicit （明白表示的、直言的） vs Unfathomable （高深莫测的）”。
Implicit 与 implicate 以及 explicit 同词根 plex, plic, ply （重叠、折叠），其中 implicit 由前缀 im- （加以……）+ 词根 plic + it 构成，16世纪90年代经古法语 implicite 或者直接由拉丁语 implicitus （纠缠的、困惑的、卷入的）进入英语，即用来表示“含蓄的、不明言的”，常用搭配 implicit in sth ，主要指虽未明确表示但相关人或事物的言语、行为、外表、性格或方法等暗示了的或者说内含有的，比如：
- 他简洁讲话中的言外之意是设定他们有罪。
Implicit in his laconic speech was the assumption that they were guilty.
从虽未明言但内含有这样一个概念出发，还可以用 implicit 引申表示“内含的、固有的”，即尽管没有直接说明、揭示、表达或发展出来，但却是构成某个事物的固有部分，或者说总是可以从某个事物中找到，比如：
- 教师的角色包括了懂得倾听。如果你不具备倾听的天赋，你就必须努力培养这项技能。
The ability to listen is implicit in the teacher’s role. If you don’t possess a natural aptitude for listening, you have to work at developing the skill.
而到了17世纪后， implicit 开始用在信任、信仰等方面表示“完全的、绝对的、无疑问的、无保留的”，主要指有着毫无疑问、毫无保留或无条件的信任或信仰，不会被任何怀疑所减弱，好比在人心中内含固有那般不会有丝毫改变，比如：
- 她得到了手下员工的绝对信任，并和他们关系十分融洽。
She had the implicit trust of her staff and had an excellent rapport with them. - 她一生都坚定地信仰社会主义。没有什么能减弱她的坚定热情。
All her life she had implicit faith in socialism. Nothing abated her crusading zeal.
至于上面《纽约时报》例句中出现的 implicit bias 则是一个心理学术语表示“内隐偏见”，即一种现实存在而却不自知的隐含偏见。
好书例句
Let me recommend you, however, as a friend, not to give implicit confidence to all his assertions; for as to Mr. Darcy’s using him ill, it is perfectly false; for, on the contrary, he has been always remarkably kind to him, though George Wickham has treated Mr. Darcy in a most infamous manner.
他说达西先生待他不好，那完全是胡说，让我站在朋友的立场奉劝你，不要盲目相信他的话。达西先生一直待他太好了，只有乔治·韦翰用卑鄙的手段对待达西先生。
出自19世纪英国小说家简·奥斯丁（Jane Austen）的代表作《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）。
外刊例句
- With enough practice, machines may be able to recognise these implicit cues and thus display the equivalent of good judgment.
经过足够多的训练，机器或许能够识别这些隐含的线索，从而展示出某种相当于良好判断力的东西。
——《经济学人》 - In its report, the Ascend Foundation said part of the problem was implicit bias misguided by the belief that Asians prefer technical roles and do not aspire to leadership levels.
阿森德基金会在其报告中表示，问题部分是由于亚裔更喜欢技术角色且不渴望晋升领导层的看法所误导的内隐偏见。
——《纽约时报》
详细用法
Implicit 的详细用法和中文解释如下：
- Implicit in – 含蓄地表达/隐含于
- His disappointment was implicit in his tone.（他的失望在语气中隐含着。）
- Trust is implicit in a healthy relationship.（信任是健康关系中隐含的。）
- Implicit understanding – 默契的理解
- They have an implicit understanding of each other’s needs.（他们对彼此的需求有一种默契的理解。）
- Implicit agreement – 默契的协议
- There was an implicit agreement among the team members to work together.（团队成员之间有一种默契的协议，共同合作。）
- Implicit consent – 默许
- By staying silent, he gave his implicit consent to the plan.（通过保持沉默，他默许了这项计划。）
- Implicit bias – 内隐偏见
- It’s important to recognize and address our implicit biases.（认识和解决我们的内隐偏见是很重要的。）
- Implicit trust – 内隐的信任
- The two friends had an implicit trust in each other.（这两个朋友对彼此有一种内隐的信任。）
- Implicit message – 隐含信息
- The article contained an implicit message about the importance of education.（这篇文章传达了一种关于教育重要性的隐含信息。）
- Implicit warning – 隐含警告
- His tone carried an implicit warning that he was not to be crossed.（他的语气隐含着一种警告，不可得罪他。）
- Implicit understanding – 隐含理解
- There is an implicit understanding between the two siblings that they will always support each other.（这两兄弟之间有一种隐含的理解，他们将永远支持彼此。）
- Implicit reference – 隐含引用
- The author made an implicit reference to a famous historical event.（作者对一个著名的历史事件进行了隐含引用。）
- Implicit criticism – 隐含批评
- His remarks carried an implicit criticism of the current government policies.（他的言论隐含地批评了现行的政府政策。）
- Implicit expectation – 隐含期望
- There was an implicit expectation that everyone would contribute to the project.（人们隐含地期望每个人都会为项目做出贡献。）
- Implicit trust – 内在信任
- The child had implicit trust in his parents’ guidance.（孩子对父母的指导有着内在的信任。）
常见短语
Implicit 的短语用法和中文解释如下：
- Implicit in – 含蓄地表达/隐含于
- His disappointment was implicit in his tone.（他的失望在语气中隐含着。）
- Trust is implicit in a healthy relationship.（信任是健康关系中隐含的。）
- Implicit understanding – 默契的理解
- They have an implicit understanding of each other’s needs.（他们对彼此的需求有一种默契的理解。）
- Implicit agreement – 默契的协议
- There was an implicit agreement among the team members to work together.（团队成员之间有一种默契的协议，共同合作。）
- Implicit consent – 默许
- By staying silent, he gave his implicit consent to the plan.（通过保持沉默，他默许了这项计划。）
- Implicit bias – 内隐偏见
- It’s important to recognize and address our implicit biases.（认识和解决我们的内隐偏见是很重要的。）
- Implicit trust – 内隐的信任
- The two friends had an implicit trust in each other.（这两个朋友对彼此有一种内隐的信任。）
- Implicit message – 隐含信息
- The article contained an implicit message about the importance of education.（这篇文章传达了一种关于教育重要性的隐含信息。）
- Implicit warning – 隐含警告
- His tone carried an implicit warning that he was not to be crossed.（他的语气隐含着一种警告，不可得罪他。）
- Implicit understanding – 隐含理解
- There is an implicit understanding between the two siblings that they will always support each other.（这两兄弟之间有一种隐含的理解，他们将永远支持彼此。）
- Implicit reference – 隐含引用
- The author made an implicit reference to a famous historical event.（作者对一个著名的历史事件进行了隐含引用。）
- Implicit criticism – 隐含批评
- His remarks carried an implicit criticism of the current government policies.（他的言论隐含地批评了现行的政府政策。）
- Implicit expectation – 隐含期望
- There was an implicit expectation that everyone would contribute to the project.（人们隐含地期望每个人都会为项目做出贡献。）
- Implicit trust – 内在信任
- The child had implicit trust in his parents’ guidance.（孩子对父母的指导有着内在的信任。）
同近义词
oblique: not explicit or done in a direct way
tacit: understood or implied without being stated
implied: suggested but not directly expressed; implicit
